Mangers perform various
functions, but one of the most important and least understood aspects of their
job is proper utilization of people. Research reveals that worker performance is
closely related to motivation; thus keeping employees motivated is an essential
component of good management in a business context, motivation refers to the
stimulus that direct the behavior of workers toward the company goals. In order
to motivated workers to achieve company goals, managers must beware of their
needs.
Many managers believe workers
will be motivated to achieve organizational goals by satisfying their
fundamental needs for material survival. These needs include a good salary,
safe working conditions and job security. While absence of these factors
results in poor morale and dissatisfaction, studies have shown that their
presence result only in maintenance of existing attitudes and work performance.
Although important, salary, working conditions, and job security do not provide
the primary motivation for many workers in highly industrialized societies,
especially at the professional or technical levels.
Increased motivation is more
likely to occur when work meets the needs of individuals for learning,
self-realization, and personal growth. By responding to personal needs-the
desire for responsibility, recognition, growth, promotion, and more interesting
work-managers have altered conditions in the workplace and, consequently, many
employees are motivated to perform more effectively.
In an attempt to appeal to
both the fundamental and personal needs of workers, innovative management
approaches, such as job enrichment and job enlargement, have been adopted in
many organizations. Job enrichment gives workers more authority in making
decisions related to planning and doing their work. A worker might assume
responsibility for scheduling work flow, checking quality of work produced, or
making sure deadlines are met. Job enlargement increases the number of tasks
workers perform by allowing them to rotate positions or by giving them
responsibility for doing several jobs. Rather than assembling just one
component of an automobile, factory workers might be grouped together and given
responsibility for assembling the entire fuel system.
By improving the quality of
work life through satisfaction of fundamental and personal employee needs,
managers attempt to direct the behavior of workers toward the company goals.
Vocab :
1) Proper :
Tepat
2) Utilization : Pemanfaatan
3) Stimulus :
Stimulus
4) Satisfying :
Memuaskan
5) Morale :
Semangat
6) Altered :
Diubah
7) Assembling :
Perakitan
8) Enrichment :
Penyuburan
9) Appeal : Banding
10) Attempt :
Mencoba
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